Discover how Apple Inc. and Carnegie Steel Co. leveraged backward integration to control supply chains and enhance efficiency ...

Will Kenton is an expert on the economy and investing laws and regulations. He previously held senior editorial roles at Investopedia and Kapitall Wire and holds a MA in Economics from The New School ...

Although, there was marginal recovery of some key manufacturing indicators in the fourth quarter of 2021, the sector’s dependence on imported raw materials and its attendant high cost took its toll.