We recently saw how certain audio power amplifiers can be used as oscillators. This Design Idea shows how those same parts can be used for simple amplitude modulation, which is trickier than it might ...

Emerging, data-intensive technologies like artificial intelligence and machine learning are gaining popularity. Data centers, which act as the essential infrastructure for these technologies, need to ...

Over the past decades, engineers have introduced numerous technologies that rely on light and its underlying characteristics.

Modulation is the act of translating some low-frequency or baseband signal (voice, music, and data) to a higher frequency. Why do we modulate signals? There are at least two reasons: to allow the ...

A tough challenge for test engineers is explored in terms of test methods, pitfalls, and measurement errors. For the test engineer, RF and microwave power amplifier testing imposes unique challenges.

Copper cabling has been the workhorse for moving data inside of AI and HPC data centers, but fiber is nipping at its heels. Optics brings three possible bandwidth multipliers — wavelength-division ...

WHAT IS CARRIER PHASE? The obvious answer is: the phase of the carrier. But this is not helpful if you don’t know what a carrier is. A carrier is basically a harmonic electromagnetic wave — a pure ...