Dec 11, 2025 · Integrated circuit, an assembly of electronic components with miniature devices built up on a semiconductor substrate. The resulting circuit is thus a small monolithic ‘chip,’ …

Dec 11, 2025 · Integrated circuit - Fabrication, Components, Processes: The substrate material, or base wafer, on which ICs are built is a semiconductor, such as silicon or gallium arsenide.

Dec 11, 2025 · Integrated circuit - Microprocessor, Components, Design: Microprocessors are the most-complicated ICs. They are composed of billions of transistors that have been configured …

Integrated circuits perform many different functions. They are now found in nearly every electronic device, from computers to cell phones, cameras, televisions, microwave ovens, dishwashers, …

integrated circuit (IC), or microcircuit or chip or microchip , Assembly of microscopic electronic components (transistors, diodes, capacitors, and resistors) and their interconnections …

Dec 11, 2025 · Integrated circuit - Bipolar Transistors: Bipolar transistors simultaneously use holes and electrons to conduct, hence their name (from “two polarities”). Like FETs, bipolar …

Electronic integrators or electrical integrating circuits have largely displaced mechanical integrators. The illustration (bottom) shows an electrical circuit that acts as an integrator.

Nov 20, 2025 · Integrated circuit - P-N Junction, Transistors, Microchips: A p-type or an n-type semiconductor is not very useful on its own. However, joining these opposite materials creates …

The development of large-scale integration (LSI) enabled hardware manufacturers to pack thousands of transistors and other related components on a single silicon chip about the size …

Nov 28, 2025 · During the early 1980s very large-scale integration (VLSI) vastly increased the circuit density of microprocessors. In the 2010s a single VLSI circuit holds billions of electronic …